MASIMO SET PARALLEL ENGINES
1-6 Rad-5/5v Signal Extraction Pulse Oximeter Operator’s Manual
1
overview
FUNCTIONAL VS. FRACTIONAL SATURATION
The Rad-5/5v is calibrated to measure and display functional saturation: the amount of oxy-
genated hemoglobin expressed as a percentage of the hemoglobin that can transport oxy-
gen. The Rad-5/5v does not measure fractional saturation: oxygenated hemoglobin
expressed as a percentage of all measured hemoglobin, including measured dysfunction-
al hemoglobin such as carboxyhemoglobin or methemoglobin. To convert fractional satu-
ration to functional saturation, the fractional saturation measurements must be converted
according to:
Functional saturation =
Fractional saturation
x 100
100 - (% carboxyhemoglobin + % methemoglobin)
MEASURED VS. CALCULATED SATURATION
Oxygen saturation measurements obtained from a pulse oximeter are commonly com-
pared to saturations calculated from the partial pressure of oxygen (PO
2
) obtained from an
arterial blood gas sample. When comparing the two measurements and interpreting val-
ues, caution should be used, as the calculated value obtained from the blood gas sample
may differ from the SpO
2
measurement of the pulse oximeter. Different results are usual-
ly obtained from the blood gas sample if the calculated saturation is not appropriately cor-
rected for the effects of variables that shift the relationship between PO
2
and saturation,
such as: pH, temperature, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO
2
), 2,3-DPG, and
fetal hemoglobin. Also, as blood gas samples are usually taken over a period of 20 sec-
onds (the time it takes to draw blood) a meaningful comparison can only be achieved if the
core oxygen saturation of the patient is stable and not changing over the period of time that
the blood gas sample is taken.
MASIMO SET SIGNAL EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGY
Masimo Signal Extraction Technology’s signal processing differs from conventional pulse
oximeters. Conventional pulse oximeters assume that arterial blood is the only blood mov-
ing (pulsating) in the measurement site. During patient motion, however, the non-arterial
blood also moves, causing conventional pulse oximeters to read low values, because they
cannot distinguish between the arterial and venous blood movement (sometimes referred
to as noise). Masimo SET pulse oximetry utilizes parallel engines and adaptive digital fil-
tering. Adaptive filters are powerful because they are able to adapt to the varying physio-
logic signals and/or noise and separate them by looking at the whole signal and breaking
it down to its fundamental components. The Masimo SET signal processing algorithm,
Discrete Saturation Transform
TM
(DST), reliably identifies the noise, isolates it and, using
adaptive filters, cancels it. It then reports the true arterial oxygen saturation for display on
the monitor.
(116 Seiten)
Manymanuals.com
Manymanuals.de
Manymanuals.fr
Manymanuals.it
Manymanuals.pl
Manymanuals.cz
Manymanuals.es
Manymanuals-pt.com
Kommentare zu diesen Handbüchern